#1 COVID19 FLIPBOOK animation
“HUMORAL IMMUNITY”
First try doing a flipbook inspired by Andymation.
Materials:
Hb pencil
Grid Notebook
eraser
Pen
*B cell bind to a Covid 19 virus specifically bind in epitope
*This B cell will engulf the virus , process called phagocytosis
*B cell will breakdown the virus, then it will get certain protein from that virus
*The antigens will be presented outside to its cell membrane through Major Histocompatibility Complex II
*Then CD4 cell or Helper T cell will try to read the message of the B cell
*CD4 cell will now alarm other circulating white blood cells
*at the same time CD4 cell will send signal towards B cell
* Transforming B cell into : Plasma cell ad memory B cell
*Memory B cell is very specific for covid 19 virus, it will proliferate. it serves as a long term memory for that virus
*Then Plasma cells start to release antibodies in the form of IgM (initially)
*but when it mature it will release IgG, who is responsible for that permanent immunity ( but not that permanent). this antibodies serves as marker only
* Antibodies will bind to the virus (antigen) = antibody-antigen complex
* antibody-antigen complex= this is the start of complement system
*complement proteins move into it and bind to the receptor of antibody called the FC receptor
*FC receptor- serves as a binding site for complement proteins
* the complement proteins (C3b-opsonin) will accumulate on the antibody-antigen complex
*This C3b will attract the White Blood Cells
*Then this White Blood Cells releases enzymes that will eliminate the virus
🙂 The end…….
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*But if opsonization (C3b) process will not work, The C5b will take charge of it.
*C5b is responsible for membrane attack complex
*C5b will attach to the virus, then ask help to the other circulating complement protein ( C6, C7, C8, C9) responsible to membrane attack complex
*They will create a hole to that antigen causing explosion of the antigen (death of the virus).
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Our immune system will try to defend us from alot of pathogens enter into our bodies.
But if certain pathogen is faster than our antibodies in destroying our tissues/organs, it may lead to many complications, or maybe it will lead to death.
This is HUMORAL IMMUNITY.
How our body produce the antibodies against this virus.
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