#superimmunity #vaccinemandate #executiveorder
Hi everyone, this week let’s look at the scientific questions and concerns from President Biden’s vaccine mandate executive order.
Please leave me a comment and let me know what you think!
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Disclaimer:
This video is Dr. Hong’s interpretation and summary of publically available scientific information
This video is not intended to serve as any advice regarding the treatment, prevention, and diagnosis of any diseases
Dr. Hong has no connections and receives no monetary compensation from any pharmaceutical companies and government.
This video is for educational purposes only.
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To learn more:
Immunology Short and Brief
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Source References:
CNN News
https://www.cnn.com/2021/09/09/politics/joe-biden-covid-speech/index.html
Immunological memory to SARS-CoV-2 assessed for up to 8 months after infection
https://www.science.org/lookup/doi/10.1126/science.abf4063
mRNA vaccination boosts cross-variant neutralizing antibodies elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection
https://www.science.org/lookup/doi/10.1126/science.abg9175
Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection rescues B and T cell responses to variants after first vaccine dose
https://www.science.org/lookup/doi/10.1126/science.abh1282
Comirnaty and Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine
https://www.fda.gov/emergency-preparedness-and-response/coronavirus-disease-2019-covid-19/comirnaty-and-pfizer-biontech-covid-19-vaccine
FDA In Brief: FDA to Hold Advisory Committee Meeting to Discuss Pfizer-BioNTech’s Application for COVID-19 Booster
https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-brief-fda-hold-advisory-committee-meeting-discuss-pfizer-biontechs-application-covid-19-booster
Delayed Heterologous SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Dosing (Boost) After Receipt of EUA Vaccines
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04889209
CDC Interim Clinical Considerations for Use of COVID-19 Vaccines Currently Approved or Authorized in the United States
https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/covid-19/clinical-considerations/covid-19-vaccines-us.html#Interchangeability
Will covid-19 vaccines save lives? Current trials aren’t designed to tell us
https://www.bmj.com/content/bmj/371/bmj.m4037.full.pdf
Amid tension on booster shots, 2 top FDA officials announce retirements
https://www.advisory.com/daily-briefing/2021/09/01/fda-officials
Novavax expects to make available at least 2 bln COVID-19 vaccine doses in 2022
https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/novavax-expects-make-available-least-2-bln-covid-19-vaccine-doses-2022-2021-09-10/
Novavax Press Releases & Statements
https://ir.novavax.com/press-releases
hi everyone welcome and welcome back to dr hans classroom so this week’s video topic is about president biden’s vaccine mandate announcement or executive order now i know this executive order has generated a lot of political debate on this topic now since i’m a scientist i want to make this video more scientifically focused on some of the questions or concerns that has come about because of this mandate so without further ado let’s get started [Music] first let’s have a quick summary of what the mandate is so basically business with more than 100 employees will have to follow this order or submit the weekly testing results of their unvaccinated employees now fail to comply will face a 14 000 fine per violation in addition every federal employee or contractor will have to be vaccinated and there is no testo option now that’s approximately 100 million adults in the usa and i am one of those 100 million people but i think many of us have already been vaccinated because of the employer mandate but that still create a few questions of concern and the first one is that how does the mende affect recover the covet patient with natural immunity so about two months ago i’ve talked about how natural immunity compares to vaccine immunity and the lincoln’s there you can check that out the short answer is that natural immunity is not bad although the natural immunity drops after a few months the immunity stabilizes within a year and this paper basically tells us up to eight months the immune logical memory are still there and as time goes on the length will probably be increased and showing how long the immunity last in naturally recovered patients but then what we are asking here is what happens when previously infected or recovered patients are vaccinated there are at least two studies that have looked into this question both of these studies basically concluded that when natural immunity to source cov2 is combined with vaccine-generated immunity a greater than expected immune response arises so basically you can think of it as a super immunity against the covet the reason is that the memory b cells are gaining more diversity from different exposures first exposing to the whole virus and then exposing to the spike protein delivered by the mrna vaccine and this enabled the b cells to be able to produce antibodies that can bind to different areas of the virus now with the delta variant i know there are increasing breakthrough infections after vaccination so when the case is reversed what happened is that we could probably expect a similar booster immunity like having um infection and then getting the vaccine so what we are looking at is in this case is one plus one is really greater than two in this case having a super strong immunity against covet when you combine infection recovery and vaccination so here comes the ethical question now we know that naturally recovered patients have pretty good immunity against the suscov2 virus and with just one additional dose of the vaccine it can basically boost the immunity to a super high level but when the mandate comes we are talking about everyone in that population need to get at least two dose or maybe even three doses in the future now that’s a lot of vaccines for people who may not need it or may not benefit as much but when we’re looking at the covet as a global pandemic many people in the world still lack vaccine access should we be using additional doses for people that may not need it that’s a question that we have to ask ourselves now here comes to the second question how will the mandate affect the booster or the third dose decision now when you’re looking at the decision for the third dose or booster dose no matter how you call it we need to look at efficacy and safety and so far the fisa vaccine is only approved for the two dose regimen and the third dose is still under emergency use authorization and it will require a supplemental biological license applications to prove its efficacy and safety and according to the press announcement from the fda pfizer has already submitted their supplemental biologics license applications to them for the third dose of its covet-19 vaccine in people 16 years and above and fda will meet september 17th this coming friday if you are watching it before september 17th to discuss their decision on their full approval for pfizer’s third dose covert vaccine they also intend to release the background material to the public at least two businesses days before the meeting so i will keep an eye on this in the next few days now notice that this uh meeting will be webcaster from the fda website so the link there i provide to you will probably be able to direct you to the meeting it will be live streamed and if you have time everyone should go look at that and to be honest based on everything that is happening at the government level i don’t think they would disapprove the third dose right so the fda it will likely to approve the third dose for everyone above 16 and when it does it would imply that everyone under demanded the 100 million people will be required to receive the third dose eight months after their second dose to be considered as fully vaccinated now even though the fda approved would imply the vaccine is safe and effective for the most part but it’s still hard to argue mandating the third dose could benefit the lower risk of population and here is the big dilemma for us to think about again is that people could benefit most from the third dose are people who are over 65 years old or older people in general and with other health risk factors but at the same time they are not the major workforce out there however the 100 million people who are covered under this mandate are working and a lot of them are less than 65 years old so that is a problem like we are mandating the vaccine for people that may not most benefited again and we are leaving out some elderly people who could or who should use the third dose now so that is something to think about and also lead to our next question so far we’ve only been talking about pfizer and pfizer i know that and how will the mandate affect people who had received the modern or the johnson johnson vaccine now in fact i received a modern vaccine and actually most of the people that i know received the modern vaccine and my wife had the johnson and johnson vaccine and so far both moderner and the johnson johnson covey19 vaccine is still only under emergency use authorization and we know that there is no direct safety efficacy data on mixing code vaccine yet because there’s still a clinical trial that is going on and trying to determine the efficacy and safety about mixing vaccines and here is a direct quote or statement from the cdc website is that cova vaccines are not interchangeable at this time because the data on safety and efficacy of a mixed product series have not been evaluated so for moderna and johnson johnson covaxian recipients to be considered fully vaccinated in the near future and comply to the mandate the fda will have to follow some same routine procedure and both vaccine would need to be first approved for the original dosing regimen that is two dose for more donor and one dose for the johnson johnson and they would also need to submit another application for their booster dose or their next dose at the very least it need to be authorized for emergency use and this process does take time and require rigorous review now when we are talking about reviewing the data i think this is even more ambiguous now for the science part is the fda settling for less now what we are looking at here is a table from a journal that i pull from the british medical journal now it provides a nice summary of what is the original endpoint or primary endpoint of all the clinical trials that was happening with all the kovic-19 vaccine now notice that the original physical vaccine phase 3 study primary endpoint is to prevent symptomatic covet 19 infections and i highlight it in the box circle that’s for pfizer but when you’re looking at moderna astrazeneca jensen or johnson johnson and even other vaccines that are not available in the u.s we’re still looking at yet the why they are only looking at the prevention of symptomatic disease during the phase 3 trial so that is the primary endpoint and unfortunately with the delta variant and the waning effect of the antibodies we know that vaccinated people now are having breakthrough cases and we don’t even know uh the precise number for mild and moderate uh cases in the vaccinated populations on a national level because the cdc are not tracking anymore right now the focus on vaccine seems to be preventing severe disease hospitalizations and death which is still very very important and we know that one of the latest report unvaccinated people having a higher risk of dying about 11 times now but at the same time when we’re looking at the clinical trial design in their phase 3 trial they are not looking at these severe disease hospitalizations and deaths as their primary outcome so there is a little bit discrepancy between what they were trying to do and now what is happening at this given time now the question is is the fda shifting this finishing line for pfizer so that it can get approved well could that be the reason for the two experts to resign from the fda panel now that is something for us to think about again and the last question i think a lot of you will ask how would the mandate affect people wanting a non-mrna vaccine that is not a pfizer or not a moderner and back in june i made a video about novovax which is a protein based vaccine and i have seen a lot of people left comments and hoping to get novavax vaccine because it is more traditional technology and just this friday the company announced that they are still on track for emergency use authorization application with the fda in the fourth quarter and part of the reason for the delay is the manufacturing challenge and in fact it takes a lot more steps and time to make a purified of any type of proteins in the lab than synthesizing mrna or even dna in the lab now here comes to concerns and question again when the mandate requires more people to be vaccinated it means fewer and fewer people would be eligible for the novel vaxcova vaccine and it would likely upset many people who are really hoping to get this vaccine instead of the mrna vaccines now as a result novavax will probably find its market outside of the u.s and maybe only as a booster shot in the states so clearly the non-political debates or concerns on this topic is more than the five points that i just talked about and i would really appreciate if you could leave me a comment and let me know what you think and like i said the beginning of this video the vaccine can boost the immunity of recovered people to a very high degree but the question is do we really need that additional boost when many parts of the world still lack vaccine access i know this is a very heavy topic and as much as i respect everyone’s individual choices our government appeared to hold a different opinion at this point anyhow that is all for this week and if you would like to continue to follow my covet 19 update and learn more about other health science topic please consider subscribing to the channel this channel needs your help to reach more people and that’s all for this week if you enjoy this content please comment like and share and i’ll see you in my next video meanwhile please stay safe and healthy bye
