PDRN (short for polydeoxyribonucleotide) has traditionally been used in injectable treatments for its ability to support skin repair and regeneration. It works by essentially encouraging your skin to kickstart its own healing processes: stimulating collagen, improving elasticity and calming inflammation. It’s the reason those ‘glass skin’ results look less like make-up and more like genuinely healthy, well-functioning skin. While it’s often associated with salmon-derived formulas (it’s the ingredient people are talking about when they mention salmon sperm facials), newer innovations (and plant-based alternatives) are making things far more accessible.

Then there’s NAD+, a coenzyme found in every single cell in your body that plays a key role in energy production and cellular repair. The catch? Like collagen, our levels naturally decline as we age. Which is why it’s become such a talking point in both wellness and skincare circles. In topical formulas, the focus is on supporting skin vitality – helping it look more resilient, hydrated and ultimately, a bit more like it did a few years ago.