From the United Kingdom to Sweden, herd immunity has been much talked about and derided, as governments grapple with a coronavirus Dr Ryan also proclaimed “may never go away”.

Herd immunity is a concept in epidemiology that describes how people can collectively stave off infections if some percentage of the population has immunity to a disease. And, while we may not like the term, it is one of two ways to achieve high levels of immunity. The other is a vaccine and that still seems some way off.