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Vitamin C / ascorbic acid: Sources, Daily requirement, Functions, and Deficiency manifestations
Ascorbate. Water-soluble, cofactor for enzymatic reactions
โข Anti-oxidant properties, guards against oxidative stress
โข Vit C serves as a cofactor for prolyl-4-hydroxylase and lysyl hydroxylase, an enzyme involved in collagen synthesis.
โข Stable collagen cannot form without proline and lysine hydroxylation. This hydroxylation takes place in the ER.
โข Hydroxylation of proline secures the collagen chains in triple-helix formation.
โข The subsequent hydroxylation of lysine is required for cross-linking.
โข Deficiency of lysyl hydroxylase: Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome Type 6
Other roles:
Cofactor for dopamine hydroxylase (dopamine โ norepinephrine)
Required for reduction of iron from Fe3+ โ Fe2+, allowing absorption in the duodenum.
Deficiency โ scurvy.
