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Cases as of 5/03/20
US: 1,548,381 Deaths: 91,857 Recovered: 353,750
States
New york: 361,250 Deaths: 28,471
New Jersey: 150,087 Deaths: 10,443
Massachusetts: 87,052 Deaths: 5,862
Illinois: 96,485 Deaths: 4,234
California: 81,386 Deaths: 3,310
Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is an essential nutrient, widely recognized for its antioxidant properties.
Vitamin C participates in immune function, wound healing, fatty acid metabolism, neurotransmitter production, and blood vessel formation, as well as other vital processes and pathways.
Vitamin C’s role in immune function, in particular, is crucial. It stimulates the production of white blood cells, especially neutrophils, lymphocytes, and phagocytes, and promotes the cells’ normal functions, such as their ability to detect, move toward, and engulf pathogens. Immune cells release large quantities of reactive oxygen species, often incurring damage. To protect themselves from this damage, immune cells accumulate large quantities of vitamin C
Vitamin D is the name given to a group of fat-soluble prohormones (substances that usually have little hormonal activity by themselves but that the body can turn into hormones). Vitamin D helps the body use calcium and phosphorus to make strong bones and teeth. Skin exposed to sunshine can make vitamin D, and vitamin D can also be obtained from certain foods. Vitamin D deficiency can cause a weakening of the bones that are called rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults. Vitamin D receptor is expressed on immune cells (B cells, T cells, and antigen-presenting cells) and these immunologic cells are all are capable of synthesizing the active vitamin D metabolite. Vitamin D has the capability of acting in an autocrine manner in a local immunologic milieu. Vitamin D can modulate innate and adaptive immune responses.
Deficiency in vitamin D is associated with increased autoimmunity as well as increased susceptibility to infection².
Epidemiologic studies have shown that higher intake or blood levels of vitamin D are associated with a reduced risk of cancer
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